\documentclass[final,letterpaper,twoside,12pt]{article}
\begin{document}

This text is before the table.

\begin{table}
\begin{center}
\begin{tabular}{|c|c|} \hline
$x$ & $y$  \\
\hline \hline
100 & 1 \\
85 & 2  \\
70 & 4  \\
50 & 8  \\
36 & 15  \\
20 & 25  \\
10 & 45  \\
\hline
\end{tabular}
\end{center}
\caption {Sample Data}
\label{tab:cqdata0}
\end{table}

Note where this text ends up in relation 
to Table~{\ref{tab:cqdata0}}.
\end{document}

